Ka tsoelo-pele ea saense le thekenoloji le tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea bongaka, menyetla ea hore batho ba hlaseloe ke X-ray ha ba ea sepetlele le eona e eketsehile haholo.E mong le e mong oa tseba hore sefuba X-rays, CT, color ultrasound le X-ray mechine e ka ntša X-rays ho phunyeletse 'meleng oa motho ho bona lefu lena.Hape baa tseba hore X-ray e ntša mahlaseli, empa ke batho ba bakae ba hlileng ba utloisisang mechine ea X-ray.Ho thoe'ng ka mahlaseli a hlahisoang?
Taba ea pele, li-X-rays li joang ka har'aMochine oa X-rayhlahiswa?Maemo a hlokahalang bakeng sa tlhahiso ea X-ray e sebelisoang meriana ke tse latelang: 1. X-ray tube: tube ea vacuum ea khalase e nang le li-electrode tse peli, cathode le anode;2. Letlapa la Tungsten: tungsten ea tšepe e nang le nomoro e phahameng ea athomo e ka sebelisoa ho etsa li-tubes tsa X-ray Anode ke sepheo sa ho amohela bombardment ea electron;3. Li-electrone tse tsamaeang ka lebelo le phahameng: sebelisa matla a phahameng a matla lipheletsong tse peli tsa X-ray tube ho etsa hore lielektrone li tsamaee ka lebelo le phahameng.Li-transformer tse khethehileng li nyolla motlakase o phelang ho ea ho matla a phahameng a hlokahalang.Ka mor'a hore poleiti ea tungsten e otloe ke lielektrone tse tsamaeang ka lebelo le phahameng, liathomo tsa tungsten li ka kenngoa ka lielektrone ho etsa X-ray.
Taba ea bobeli, X-ray ee ke ea mofuta ofe, hona ke hobane'ng ha e ka sebelisoa ho shebella boemo ka mor'a ho phunyeletsa 'meleng oa motho?Sena sohle se bakoa ke thepa ea X-ray, e nang le likarolo tse tharo tse kholo:
1. Ho Kena: Ho phunyeletsa ho bolela bokhoni ba X-rays ho feta nthong ntle le ho monngoa.Li-X-ray li ka phunyeletsa lintho tseo leseli le tloaelehileng le bonahalang le ke keng la khona ho li bona.Leseli le bonahalang le na le bolelele bo bolelele ba maqhubu, 'me li-photon li na le matla a fokolang haholo.Ha e otla ntho, karolo ea eona ea bonahala, boholo ba eona e monngoa ke ntho, 'me e ke ke ea feta nthong;athe X-rays ha e joalo, ka lebaka la bolelele ba bona bo bokhutšoane, matla Ha e khanyetsa lintho tse bonahalang, karolo feela e kenngoa ke thepa, 'me boholo ba eona e fetisoa ka lekhalo la athomo, e bontšang bokhoni bo matla ba ho phunyeletsa.Bokhoni ba X-rays ho phunyeletsa nthong e amana le matla a X-ray photon.Ha bolelele ba maqhubu a X-ray bo le bokhutšoane, matla a photon a eketseha le matla a phunyeletsang.Matla a phunyeletsang a X-rays a boetse a amana le ho teteana ha thepa.Thepa e teteaneng e monya li-X-ray tse ngata 'me e fetisetsa hanyenyane;thepa e teteaneng e monya hanyenyane mme e fetisetsa ho feta.Ho sebelisa thepa ena ea ho monya ka mokhoa o fapaneng, ho ka khetholloa lisele tse bonolo tse kang masapo, mesifa le mafura a nang le litšepe tse fapaneng.Ena ke motheo oa 'mele oa X-ray fluoroscopy le ho nka lifoto.
2. Ionization: Ha ntho e khantšitsoe ka mahlaseli a X, lielektrone tsa extranuclear li ntšoa tseleng ea athomo.Phello ena e bitsoa ionization.Ts'ebetsong ea phello ea photoelectric le ho hasana, mokhoa oo li-photoelectrons le li-elektronike tsa recoil li arohaneng le liathomo tsa tsona li bitsoa ionization ea mantlha.Li-photoelectrons tsena kapa li-electrone tsa recoil li thulana le liathomo tse ling ha li ntse li tsamaea, e le hore lielektrone tse tsoang ho liathomo tse otlang li bitsoa ionization ea bobeli.linthong tse tiileng le tse metsi.Li-ion tse nang le ionized tse ntle le tse mpe li tla kopana hape ka potlako 'me ha ho bonolo ho li bokella.Leha ho le joalo, tefiso ea ionized ka khase e bonolo ho bokella, 'me palo ea tefiso ea ionized e ka sebelisoa ho fumana palo ea ho pepeseha ha X-ray: lisebelisoa tsa ho lekanya X-ray li etsoa ho latela molao-motheo ona.Ka lebaka la ionization, likhase li ka tsamaisa motlakase;lintho tse itseng li ka ba le liphetoho tsa lik'hemik'hale;Liphello tse fapaneng tsa bioloji li ka susumetsoa ke lintho tse phelang.Ionization ke motheo oa ts'enyo ea X-ray le kalafo.
3. Fluorescence: Ka lebaka la bolelele bo bokhutšoanyane ba maqhubu a X-ray, ha e bonahale.Leha ho le joalo, ha e khantšitsoe ka metsoako e itseng e kang phosphorus, platinum cyanide, zinc cadmium sulfide, calcium tungstate, joalo-joalo, liathomo li boemong ba thabo ka lebaka la ionization kapa thabo, ’me liathomo li khutlela fatše nakong ea ts’ebetso. , ka lebaka la phetoho ea boemo ba matla ba lielektrone tsa valence.E hlahisa leseli le bonahalang kapa la ultraviolet, e leng fluorescence.Phello ea mahlaseli a X-ray e bakang lintho tse fluoresce e bitsoa fluorescence.Matla a fluorescence a lekana le boholo ba mahlaseli a X-ray.Phello ena ke motheo oa ho sebelisoa ha X-rays ho fluoroscopy.Mosebetsing oa tlhahlobo ea X-ray, mofuta ona oa fluorescence o ka sebelisoa ho etsa skrine ea fluorescent, skrine e matlafatsang, skrine ea ho kenya setšoantšong sa intensifier joalo-joalo.Sesepa sa fluorescent se sebelisetsoa ho bona litšoantšo tsa X-ray tse fetang har'a lisele tsa motho nakong ea fluoroscopy, 'me skrine e matlafatsang e sebelisoa ho matlafatsa kutloisiso ea filimi nakong ea ho nka lifoto.Ka holimo ke kenyelletso e akaretsang ea X-rays.
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Nako ea poso: Aug-04-2022